| Full description: |
Lectures: Gametogenesis as a process preceding the formation of the new body. The formation of the egg - oogenesis, the formation of sperm - spermatogenesis. Hormonal regulation of gametogenesis, sexual cycle. Germ cell maturation. Spermiogenesis and witelogenesis. Insemination and fertilization processes. The stages of fertilization in mammals. Unusual and pathological methods of fertilization. Parthenogenesis. Cleavage, types and importance. Formation of morula and blastocyst as a result of cleavage. Gastrulation and gastrula formation. Examples of gastrulation in different species. The formation of the primary germ layers and embryonic organs. The formation of membranes. Placentation in different species of domestic animals and wild animals. Placentation disorders. Fetal circulation. Rules fetal circulation. The development of the heart, blood vessels and blood formation. The vasculature in the fetal circulation and after birth. Circulation. Histology of the heart, arteries capillaries and veins. Organs inserted intothe circularition of systematic fluids. Hematocytopoiesis. Endocrine system: genesis, regulation of hormone release, cellular mechanism of hormone action. Hypophysis, thyroid gland, adrenal gland. Endocrine cells in gonad and pancreas and unicellular intraepithelial endocrine glands (APUD cells) Genesis and structure of digestive system. Histology of individual parts of GI tract. Glands of GI tract. Structures involved in digestion and absorption. Development of respiratory system. Histology of nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lungs. Blood –air barrier. Lungs in bird Genesis and development of urinary aparatus. Structure and function of kidney and duct system. Structure and function of male reproductive apparatus. Histology of gonads. Efferent ducts. Accessory glands of male reproductive tracts Structure and function of female reproductive apparatus. Histology of gonads, oviduct and uterus. Uterine and ovarian cycle Genesis and development of nervous system and sense organs. Structure and function of central and peripheral nervous system. Genesis and structure of integumentary apparatus. Keratin and melanin, skin regeneration, mammary gland. Labolatory: Histology techniques. Methods of staining used in histology. Special structures developed by specialized cells. Epithelium: Simple epithelium: Squamous, cuboidal and cylindrical, pseudo- and multistratified. Sensory and glandular epithelium. Mesenchymal, adipose and reticular tissue. Loose and compact connective tissue Cartilage and bone. Chondrogenesis and osteogenesis Muscle tissue: smooth, skeletal and heart muscle. Nerve tissue: glial and nerve cells Circulation: Blood and lymph: aorta, large artery and vein, capillary, Lymph node, Spleen, Fabricious sac (bursa Fabricii). Hypophysis, thyroid and parathyroid gland, adrenal gland Tooth, tongue, salivary gland esophagus, forestomach, glandular stomach intestines liver and pancreas Respiratory system- trachea, lungs Urinary system kidney, urinary duct and urinary bladder Reproductive system ovary, oviduct, uterus, testes with epididimidis, spermatic ducts Nervous system brain, cerebellum, spinal cord, ganglion, sense organs Integumentary apparatus Hair, mammary glands, hoof, horn. |
| Learning outcomes: |
Knowledge: - knows and describes elements of the animal organism: cells, tissues and organs - knows structure, describes and explains functions of systems of animal body (digestive, respiratory, circulatory, urinary nervous, mobility, reproductive, endocrine, immune) and skin - describes and interprets development of organs and whole organism in relation to the adult - describes and explains homeostatic phenomenon, neurohormonal regulation, reproduction aging and death - describes and explains and interprets rules and mechanisms basic for animal health, emergence of diseases and their therapy - from cell level throughout organ to entire animal Skills: - uses English and Latin medical nomenclature Social competences: not applicable |